Structural Mechanics uye Movement: Biomechanics Inotsanangurwa

Kune vanhu vari kusangana nematambudziko emusculoskeletal uye zviratidzo zvekurwadziwa, vanogona kudzidza nezve biomechanics uye kuti inoshanda sei pakufamba, kurovedza muviri, uye kuita, kubatsira mukurapa kwekukuvara nekudzivirira?

Biomechanics

Biomechanics inodzidza mafomu ese ehupenyu uye mashandiro awo emuchina. Vazhinji vanofunga nezve biomechanics mumitambo uye kuita kwemitambo, asi biomechanics inobatsira kugadzira nekuvandudza matekinoroji, zvishandiso, uye maitiro ekugadzirisa kukuvara. (Tung-Wu Lu, Chu-Fen Chang 2012) Masayendisiti, vanachiremba vemishonga yemitambo, physiotherapists, chiropractors, uye maconditioning nyanzvi vanoshandisa biomechanics kubatsira kugadzira dzidziso mapuroteni uye matekiniki ekuvandudza mhedzisiro yekurapa.

Muviri Kufambisa

Biomechanics inodzidza mafambiro emuviri, kusanganisira kuti tsandanyama, mapfupa, tendon, uye ligaments zvinoshanda sei pamwe chete, kunyanya kana kufamba kusiri kwakaringana kana kurongeka. Icho chikamu chemunda mukuru we kinesiology, kunyanya kutarisisa mafambiro mechanics uye ongororo yekuti zvikamu zvese zvemuviri zvinoshanda sei pamwechete kugadzira mitambo uye yakajairika mafambiro. (José M Vilar et al., 2013) Biomechanics inosanganisira:

• Maumbirwo emapfupa nemamhasuru.
• Kukwanisa kufamba.
• Mechanics yekutenderera kweropa, renal basa, uye mamwe mabasa.
• Kudzidza kwemasimba uye mhedzisiro yemasimba aya pamatishu, mvura, kana zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kuongororwa, kurapwa, kana kutsvagisa. (Jose I. Priego-Quesada 2021)

Sports

Mitambo biomechanics inodzidza mafambiro mukurovedza muviri, kurovedza, uye mitambo, iyo inosanganisira fizikisi uye mitemo yemakanika. Semuyenzaniso, iyo biomechanics yeimwe kurovedza muviri inotarisa:

• Chimiro chemuviri.
• Kufamba kwetsoka, mahudyu, mabvi, musana, mapendekete, nemaoko.

Kuziva maitiro ekufambisa kwakaringana kunobatsira kuita zvakanyanya kurovedza muviri uchidzivirira kukuvara, kugadzirisa zvikanganiso zvefomu, kuzivisa mapuroteni ekudzidzisa, uye kuwedzera mhedzisiro yakanaka. Kunzwisisa kuti muviri unofamba sei uye nei uchifamba nenzira inobatsira vashandi vezvokurapa kudzivirira nekurapa kukuvara, kuderedza zviratidzo zvemarwadzo, nekuvandudza kushanda.

midziyo

Biomechanics inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemidziyo yemuviri neyemitambo yekuvandudza mashandiro. Semuenzaniso, bhutsu inogona kugadzirwa kuti inyatsoita basa remutsetse weskateboarder, mumhanyi wedaro refu, kana mutambi wenhabvu. Nzvimbo dzekutamba dzinodzidzwawo nekuda kweichi chinangwa, sekuti kuoma kwepasi kweartificial turf kunokanganisa kuita kwemitambo. (Jose I. Priego-Quesada 2021)

Vanhu

• Biomechanics inogona kuongorora mafambiro emunhu kuti awedzere kushanda panguva yekudzidziswa nemitambo.
• Semuyenzaniso, kumhanya kwemunhu kana kuswing kunogona kutorwa mifananidzo ine mazano ezvekuchinja kuti uvandudze.

Kukuvara

• Sayenzi inodzidza zvinokonzeresa, kurapwa, uye kudzivirira kwekukuvara kweuromusculoskeletal.
• Tsvakurudzo inogona kuongorora masimba anokonzera kukuvadzwa uye kupa ruzivo kune vashandi vezvokurapa pamusoro pekuti vangaderedza sei njodzi yekukuvara.

kudzidza

• Biomechanics inodzidza matekiniki emitambo uye masisitimu ekudzidzisa kugadzira nzira dzekuvandudza kugona.
• Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kutsvagisa pamusoro pekumisikidza, kuburitsa, kutevera-kuburikidza, nezvimwe.
• Inogona kuongorora uye kubatsira kugadzira nzira nyowani dzekudzidzisa zvichibva pane izvo zvemuchina zvinodikanwa zvemutambo, zvine chinangwa chekuunza zvirinani. mutambo.
• Semuenzaniso, kushandiswa kwemhasuru kunoyerwa mukuchovha bhasikoro uchishandisa electromyography uye kinematics, iyo inobatsira vaongorori kuongorora zvinhu zvakaita semamiriro, zvikamu, kana kurovedza muviri zvakanyanya kunokanganisa activation. (Jose I. Priego-Quesada 2021)

Motions

Mune biomechanics, mafambiro emuviri anorehwa kubva kune anatomical chinzvimbo:

• Kumira wakatwasuka, wakatarisa kumberi
• Zvombo kumativi
• Matinji akatarisa mberi
• Tsoka dzakaparadzana zvishoma, zvigunwe zvichienda mberi.

Iwo matatu anatomical ndege anosanganisira:

• Sagittal - yepakati - Kupatsanura muviri muhafu yekurudyi nekuruboshwe ndiyo sagittal / yepakati ndege. Flexion uye kuwedzera kunoitika mune sagittal ndege.
• Frontal - Ndege yekumberi inopatsanura muviri kumberi nekumashure mativi asi zvakare inosanganisira kupambwa, kana kufambisa nhengo kubva pakati, uye kudhonzesa, kana kufambisa nhengo yakananga pakati mundege yepamberi.
• Shanduka - yakachinjika. -Nheyo dzepamusoro nedzepasi dzemuviri dzakakamurwa nendege inochinjika/yakatwasuka. Kutenderera kunoitika pano. (American Council pamusoro peKuita muviri 2017)
• Kufambisa muviri mundege dzese nhatu kunoitika nebasa remazuva ese. Ichi ndicho chikonzero kuita maekisesaizi mundege yega yega yekufamba kuvaka simba, basa, uye kugadzikana kunokurudzirwa.

Tools

Zvishandiso zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshandiswa kudzidza biomechanics. Zvidzidzo zvinowanzoitwa pachishandiswa mudziyo unozivikanwa se electromyography kana EMG sensors. Masenso anoiswa paganda uye anoyera huwandu uye dhigirii remhasuru fiber activation mune mamwe mamhasuru panguva yekuyedza maekisesaizi. EMGs inogona kubatsira:

• Vatsvakurudzi vanonzwisisa kuti ndeapi maekisesaizi anoshanda kupfuura mamwe.
• Varapi vanoziva kana tsandanyama dzevarwere dziri kushanda nemazvo.

1. Dynamometers chimwe chishandiso chinobatsira kuyera simba remhasuru.
2. Vanoyera simba rinobuda panguva yekuputika kwemasuru kuti vaone kana mhasuru dzakasimba zvakakwana.
3. Iyo inoshandiswa kuyera simba rekubata, iyo inogona kuva chiratidzo chesimba rose, hutano, uye hupenyu hurefu. (Li Huang et al., 2022)

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Beyond Adjustments: Chiropractic uye Integrative Healthcare

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References

Lu, TW, & Chang, CF (2012). Biomechanics yekufamba kwevanhu uye mashandisirwo ayo ekiriniki. Magazini yeKaohsiung yesayenzi yezvokurapa, 28(2 Suppl), S13–S25. doi.org/10.1016/j.kjms.2011.08.004

Vilar, JM, Miró, F., Rivero, MA, & Spinella, G. (2013). Biomechanics. BioMed research international, 2013, 271543. doi.org/10.1155/2013/271543

Priego-Quesada JI (2021). Exercise Biomechanics uye Physiology. Hupenyu (Basel, Switzerland), 11(2), 159. doi.org/10.3390/life11020159

Sangano reAmerican Council on Exercise. Makeba Edwards. (2017). Planes of Motion Inotsanangurwa (Exercise Sayenzi, Nyaya. www.acefitness.org/fitness-certifications/ace-answers/exam-preparation-blog/2863/the-planes-of-motion-explained/

Huang, L., Liu, Y., Lin, T., Hou, L., Song, Q., Ge, N., & Yue, J. (2022). Kuvimbika uye kuvimbika kwemaoko maviri dynamometers kana achishandiswa nevakuru vanogara munharaunda vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu. BMC geriatrics, 50 (22), 1. doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-03270-6