Head Trauma And Other Intra-Cranial Pathology Mafungiro Anosvika

Head Trauma: Skull Fractures

• SKULL FX: KANA MUNYAYA DZOKUTAURA. NZVIMBO YOKUTAURA NEMWE DZIMWE ZVINONYANYA KUITA: INTRA-CRANIALHEMORRHAGING, YAKASIMBWA KUNYANYA KUNYANYA NEZVIMWE ZVINOKOSHA
• SKULL X-NZIRA DZINOKOSHA DZINOKOSHA PAKUDZIDZA MUTEMO INJURY. CT SCANNING W / O CONTRAST ISI CHINHU CHINOKOSHA CHINHU CHINHU CHINOKUDZIDZA KUDZIDZISWA KWEMUMWE MUTEMO TRAUMA. MRI HASA INONYANYA KUTI UYE KUZVISISA KUZVISISA KUNYANYA, NEZVINOKOSHA KUSHANDISWA KWEMUNITIAL DX OF ACUTE HEAD TRAUMA.
• SKULL FX INOFANIRA KUZIVA AS FXS OF SKULL VAULT, SKULL BASE NEZVO SKELETON EACH YAKATIRIDZWA NEZVO ZVINOKUDZIDZA NOKUDZIDZA KUPEDEDICT ZVINHU.
• LINEAR SKULL FX: SKULL VAULT. M / C FX. CT SCANNING NDIYE CHINOKOSHA CHOKUDZIDZA HERORIALEXTRADURAL HEMORRHAGING
• X-RAY DDX: SUTURES VS. ZVINOKOSHA SKULL FX. FX NDEYAKANAKA, BLACKER IE ZVAKAWANDA LUCENT, CROSSESSUTURES, uye MAVASCULAR GROOVES, LACKSSERRATIONS
• RX: KANA KUSARADZWA KWEVANHU KUNHU KUNHU KUTI KUDZIDZWA. NEUROSURGICAL CARE IFEEDEDSEDED BY CT SCANNING

• ZVINOKUDZIDZWA PASI FX: 75% MUNA VAULT. UNOGONA KUVA KUPENYU. KUFUNGIDZWA KWAKASIMBA FX. ZVIKURU ZVINOKUDZIDZWA NEUROSURGICALEXPLORATION ZVINOKOSHA ZVINOKUDZIDZWA> 1-CM. ZVINOKUDZIDZWA: VASCULAR INJURY / HEMATOMAS, PNEUMOCEPHALUS, MENINGITIS, TBI, CSF LEAK, KUDZIDZA KUTSATIRA ETC.
• IMAGING: CT SCANNING W / O CONTRAST

• BASILAR SKULL FX: UNOGONA KUFA. KAKAWANDA PAMWE CHIMWE CHIMWE CHIKURU CHINOKOSHA CHEMAI CHEMAHARA NEFACIALSKELETON, DZINOGARA NATII NEMAJORINTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGING. ZVIWANIKWA ZVINOITIKA SE HEADBAND KUKONZESA KUNOGONESESA NEZVINHU ZVINOGONESESA KUPFUURA ZVINOGONESESA NEZVEMABHONI ZVEMAZUVA KUPFITIRA SPHENOID NEZVIMWE ZVINOKOSHA ZVEMAFUPA. CLINICALLY: RACCOON EYES, BATTEL SIGN, CSFRHINO / OTORRHEA.

Facial Fractures

• NASAL BONES FX: 45% YA ALLFACEFXM / C IMPACT IS LATERAL (FIST BLOW ETC.) KANA KUSARADZWA KUNYANYA KUTI KUDZIDZIDZWA, KANA KUZVANZWA KUSA KUTI IYE KUFANIRA KUFUNGA KWENYAYA NOKUDZIDZA PASSAGE, IVA NGATINONZWA NEZVO ZVINHU ZVAKANAKA / ZVINOKUDZIDZA. X-NZIRA 80% SENSITIVE, YAKATEDZWA NET CT INCOMPLEX KUVARIDZA.
• BHUKU ROKUTAURA FX: KUNYANYA KUKUVADZWA D / T KUKONZESA PAGLOBE UYE / KANA KUTENDA BOPA. FX YEMAHARA FLOOR INTOMAXILLARY SINUS VS. RWEMAHARA RWEMAHARA MUETHMOID SINUS. ZVINOGONESESA: ENTRAPPEDINFERIOR RECTUS M, PROLAPSEORBITAL FAT, KUNA SOFT TISSUES, HEMORRHAGING AND OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE. RX: KUNYANYA KWEGLOBE KUKUVADZWA KUNOKOSHA, GENERALLY KURAPWA KUSANGANA PASI PASI ZVIMWE ZVINOKOSHA

• CHINHU CHEFX: 2ND M / C FACIAL FX # KUMASHURE KWENYAYA (40% YEMAFACEFX) 3-POINT FX-ZYGOMATICARCH, KUTANGA KWENYAYA YEMAZWI ANOPFUURA & SIDE YEMAXILLARY SINUS WALL, MAXILLARY MAITIRO EZYGOMATIC BONI. YAKADZIDZWA NANERVE INERVE. CT KUDZIDZA KUNYANYA KUNYANYA KUNYANYA KUTI X-RAYS (WATER S ONA).
• LEFORT FX: ZVAFX ZOSE ZVINOPINDA PTERYGOID PLATES, PASI PASARARINGIMIDFACE NOKUDZIDZA KWAAVEVARIDZI NOKUDZIDZA KUBVA KUNYANYA. ZVINOKUDZIDZA: AIRWAYS, HEMOSTASIS, NERVE INJURIES. CT SCANNING INOFANIRA. CHIKAMU CHINOKUDZWA KWEMASILAR SKULL FX

• PING-PONG FX:XZVINONYANYA KUNE VANHU. YAKASIMBISWA FX D / T FOCALDEPRESSION: KUSVIRA KWEMAHARA, KUSHANDISA KUSHANDA. FOCALTRABECULAR MICROFRACTURIINGKUSIYA KUDZORA KUDZORA KURATIDZA APING-PONG. DX CHINONYANYA KIREKITIKI SEFOCAL DEFECT DEPRESSION IN THE SKUL. TYPICALLYNEUROLOGICALLY INTACT. CT INOGONA BATSIRA KANA BRAIN KUKUVADZWA KUNOFUNGWA. RX: KUTARISIRA VS. KUVHURA MUZVINHU ZVAKAWANDA. SPONTANEOUSREMODELING YAKATAURWA

• KUBATSIRA KWAKAITA CYST (KUKURUKURA SKULL FX) - VANHU VANOKWADZISA KUNYANYA KUTI KUTI KUTANGA KUTANGA KUPOSTTRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOMALACIA
• HASI AI CYST, asi CHINOKUDZIDZA CHAENCEENCE PALACACIA YINOONA MAKORE MAKORE POST-TRAUMA NEZVANHU ZVAKASIKANA FX FOLLOWEDBY HURI YEMAMENYESI NEJADJENTENTE NEZVINHU ZVEMUSORO WESCF. CT ISVAKAITIKA ATDX IYI PATHOLOGY. ZVINOKOSHA: KUKUNDA FX NOKUDZIDZA ENCEPHALOMALACIA AS FOCALHYPOATTENUATING LESION.
• ZVINOKOSHA: PALPABLE CALVARIAL ENLARGEMENT, PAIN, NEUROLOGICAL SIGNS / SEIZURES. RX: NEUROSURGICAL KUTSVIRIRA INOFANIRA
• DDX: INFILTRATING CELLS / METS / ZVIMWE NEOPLASMSINTO SUTURES, EG, INFECTION ETC.

• MANDIBULAR FXS: KANA. POTENTIALLYCONSIDEDED AN OPEN FX D / T INTRA-ORALEXTENSION. 40% FOCAL BREAK ZVINOKOSHA KUVA RING. DIRECT IMPACT (ASSAULT) M / C MECHANISM
• KUDZIDZA FX D / T BONA NEOPLASMS, KUSAITA ETC. IATROGENIC PAKUTANGA NOMURONGO WOKUTANGA
• KUFUNGA: ZVINOKOSHA X-RAYS, PANOREX, CT SCANNING ESP. MUNYAYA DZESAOCIATEDFACE / HEAD TRAUMA
• ZVINOKOSHA KUTI: AIRWAY KUVARIDZA, HEMOSTASIS CHINHU CHINOKOSHA, KUTANGA KUNA MANDIBULAR N, OSTEOMYELITIS / CELLULITIS NOKUDZIDZA KUNYIKA PAKUSVIKWA KWEMOUTH (LUDWIGANGINA) NECK FASCIAL SOFT TISSUES INTOMEDIASTINUM. HAKASINGOGONA KUPINDA D / T HIGH MORTALITY RATES.
• RX: CONSERVATIVE VS. OPERATIVE

Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage

• EPI AKA ZVAKAITIKA: (EDH) KUKWANYA KUNYANYA KWEZVIDZIDZO ZVEMAZUVA (MMA CLASSIC) NEKUDZIDZA KUTI HEMATOMA PAKATI PENYIKA YEMAHARA NOKUDZIDZA DURA. CT KUDZIDZA NDIKO CHINOKOSHA KUDX: ZVINOPA SASI ENTLENTIFORM IE BICONVEX KUSANGANISWA KWEMAHARA (HYPERDENSE) ROPA RISINGAKONZESE VANOGONESA DDX YEMAHARA HEMATOMA. CLINICALLY: HA, LUCID EPISODE PAKUTANGA UYE KUDZIDZISA MUAMAA MAGWARO MAZANO: BRAIN HERNIATION, CN PALSY. O / CHIRONGWA CHAKANAKA KANA CHIKWETU CHABONESWA.
• HURUMATOMA (SDH): RAPTURE YEMA BRIDGINGVEINS PAKATI PENYU DURA NEARACHNOID.SLOW BUT PROGRESSIVE BLEED. ZVINOGONA KUTI VANHU VADZIDZE VADUKU KANA VAKWEGURA UYE MUNGUVA DZESE (MVA, FALLS ETC.) VANOGONA KUKUDZIRA MU SHAKEN BABY SYNDROME . DX INOGONA KUNONOKESWA UYE KUSIMBISA ZVIREVO NEZVINHU ZVAKANAKA. MUDZIMU YEKWEGURA TRAUMA INOGONA KUKOSHA kana KUSAZIVISWA. KUSVIRA KUTANGIRA NE CT ZVINOKOSHA. ZVINOTAURA SEZVINOGONESESA ZVINOGONESESA ZVINOGONESA ASI ZVINOMIRA PAKUFUNGA KWEMUSORO. DIFFERENTATTENUATION PA CT D / T DZAKASIYANA DZIDZISO YEROPA DZIMWE DZIDZO: ACUTE, SUBACUTE, AND CHRONIC.MAY FOMU CHRONIC KUSANGANISIRA-CYSTICHYGROMA. CLINICALLY: KUSANGANISIRA KUSANGANISIRA, 45-60% IZVO ZVINONYANYA KUSIMBISA CNS STATUS, PUPILLARY INEQUALITY. KANA UCHITANGA NEZVINHU ZVOKUTANGA ZVINOKOSHA, WOZIVA EPISODE YEMAHARA PASI PEKUSVIRA KWAKAWANDA. IN 30% ZVAKAITIKA ZVENYAYA DZINOKUVADZA VAKURWADZI VARWADZI VAIVA SDH. RX: KUMASHURE NEUROSURGICAL.

• SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE (SAH): ROPA MU SUB-ARACHNOID SPACE SEZVINOGONESESA ETIOLOGY DZINOTYANYA KANA DZINOSHAMISIRA: BERRY ANEURYSMS YAKAKomberedza Denderedzwa reWISIS.SAH 3% YEMAHARA, 5% YEMAFUNGWIRO ECHITETE. HEADACHE DESCRIBED AS AS WORST HA INLIFE . PT ZVINOKONZESA ZVINOGONA KANA KUTI ZVISAPENGA HURE. PATHOGY: DIFFUSE ROPA INSA CHINANGWA 1) SUPRASELLAR CISTERN NE DIFFUSE PERIPHERAL EXTENSION, 2) PERIMESENCEPHALIC, 3) BASAL CISTERNS. ROPA RAKADONHEREDZIRA KUSA SPACE UNDERARTERIAL PRESURE INONYANYA KUTI GLOBAL IWEDZESE IN INTRACRANIAL PRESURE, ACUTE GLOBAL ISCHEMIA YAKASIMBISWA NEVASOSPASM NEZIMWE Shanduko.
• DX: IMAGING: URGENT CT SCANNING W / O CONTRAST, CT ANGIOGRAPHY MAYINGA KUTI KUTANGA KUTANGA 99% YE SAH. LUMBAR PUNCTUREMAY KUBATSIRA MUCHIKAMU CHOKUTANGA. PASI INITIAL DX: MR ANGIOGRAPHY AKABATSIRA KUPINDA CHINHU NEMWE NYAYA DZINOKOSHA
• ZVIMWE ZVINOKUDZIDZA: MUTSVENE WEMBA MUMWE MUMWE MUMWE MUMWE MUMWE MUMWE MUMWE. YAKABATSIRA MUCHINHU ZVAKAITIKA: PERIMESENCEPHALIC, SUPRASELLA, BASAL, VENTRICLES,
• RX: MAVANHU ANOKUDZIVA NEVANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU (MANNITOL) KUCHENGA KUCHENGA. NEUROSURGICAL CLIPPING NEMWE ZVIMWE ZVIRI KUITA.

CNS Neoplasms: Benign vs. Malignant

• TARISA TUMORS ICHINODZISA HUNUMXI ZVEZVANHU ZOSE. CHIMWE CHITATU CHEVANHU VANHU VANHU VANHU, VANHU VAKAITA METASTATIC VANHU VEVESIDI VANHU VAKURU
• CLINICALLY RIPAI NEMUNZVIMBO CNS ABNORMALITIES, INCREASED ICP, INTRACEREBRAL BLEEDING ETC. MHURI DZEMHURI: VON-HIPPEL-LANDAU, TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS, TURCOT SYNDROME, NF1 & NF2 KUWEDZESA NGUVA. MUVANA: M / C ASTROCYTOMAS, EPENDYMOMAS, PNETNEOPLASMS (EG MEDULLOBLASTOMA) NK. DX: YAKAKOMBERWA PAKUSANGANISWA KWAANI.
• VAKURU: M / C BENIGN NEOPLASM: MENINGIOMA. M / C PRIMARY: GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME (GBM) METSESPESITSI KUBVA KU LUNG, MELANOMA, AND BREAST.OTHERS: CNS LYMPHOMA
• KUVANYA KWAKAITIKA: ZVIMWE ZVINOKUDZIDZA ZVIMWE ZVINOKOSHA SEZVIMWE, ICP SIGNS HA. EVALUATED BY CT uye MRI NA IV GADOLINIUM.
• KUFUNGA KWAKADZIRISA: INTRA-AXIAL VS. EXTRA-AXIALNEOPLASMS. METSI ANOKUDA ​​NEOPLASI DZEMPARIDZO DZEMAPARIDZI MAYO CCUR VIA CSF NEMVHASI VESSELS INVASION
• Cherechedza AXIAL CT SLICE OF MENINGIOMA NEAVIDCONTRAST ENHANCEMENT.
• AXIAL MRI PANE FLAIR PULSE SEQUENCE INONYANYA KUDZIDZISA NEOPLASM NEZVAKADZIDZWA CYTOTOXIC EDEMA YOKUTAURA PARENCHYMA CHIKAMU CHEGREADHI IV GLIOMA (GBM) NEMPORNOSIS YAKANAKA. ZVAFANANA NEZVAKAITIKA IMAGE: AXIAL MRI FLAIR: BUTA METASTASIS KUBVA MUNA CANCER. MELANOMA ICHINOKOSHA METASTASIZESTO YAKATAURA (ONA PATH ZVINOKUDZIDZA) MRI INOGONA KUVA DIAGNOSTIC D / T ZVIRI MUKATI KUZVIMBIKA NEZVIMWE ZVINOKUDZIDZA.
• RX: NEUROSURGICAL, MAPENYU, CHEMOTHERAPY, IMMUNOTHERAPY TEKITI DZINOKOSHA

Kuvhiringidza CNS Pathology

CNS Infections

• VANHU
• ZVINOKOSHA
• FUNGAL
• VIRAL
• PARASITIC